BY

Judul	Taman Pantai Berkas Ramai Pengunjung
Penulis
Disadur dari	Bengkulu Raya, 17 Januari 2018
Jumlah Kata	171
Tingkat Kesulitan	B1

Nonton Yuk!

Watch the video and answer the following questions (delman=horse cart):

1. Berapa panjangnya Pantai Panjang 0:12
2. Berapa jauh jarak ke kota Bengkulu? 0:30
3. Berapa ongkos naik delman? 1:21
4. Berapa lama sekali naik delman? 1:25

Bacaan

Taman Pantai Berkas Ramai Pengunjung

1. Taman Pantai Berkas di Kota Bengkulu semakin ramai dikunjungi warga yang ingin menikmati keindahan panorama pantai, sambil duduk-duduk menikmati beragam aneka makanan dan minuman yang ditawarkan pedagang di kawasan tersebut.
2. Selain keindahan panorama pantai, objek wisata itu juga menyediakan berbagai mainan anak-anak seperti ayunan, perosotan, jembatan, tali-tali dan masih banyak lagi. Menurut salah seorang tukang parkir di kawasan itu, Megi, sejak adanya Taman Pantai Berkas, pendapatan mereka naik sehingga dapat menutupi kebutuhan sehari-hari.
3. “Dengan adanya taman tersebut pendapatan kami bertambah dan itu cukup untuk kami,” ujarnya kepada Bengkulu Raya, Rabu 17 Januari 2018.
4. Sementara salah seorang penjual minuman, Sukma, senang dengan banyaknya pengunjung karena penjualannya meningkat.
5. “Saya senang dengan ramainya para pengunjung yang datang dan membeli makanan yang kami jual,” ujarnya sambil tersenyum.
6. Pada kesempatan yang sama, seorang pengunjung, Lusti Aprianti, mengaku betah berlama-lama di Taman Pantai Berkas.
7. “Kami betah duduk-duduk di sini (Taman Pantai Berkas) sambil ngobrol dengan teman-teman,” katanya.
8. Namun Lusti juga berharap pemerintah menyediakan layanan internet atau wifi di kawasan tersebut.

Latihan Pemahaman

Latihan Kosa Kata 1

Latihan Mendengarkan 1

Latihan Mendengarkan 2

Latihan Mendengarkan 3

Latihan Mendengarkan 4

Awas

Isian

Reduplication of verbs

With some verbs, reduplication conveys a sense of action performed in a casual or leisurely manner:

duduk sit    duduk-duduk sit around, relax
berjalan walk    berjalan-jalan walk around, go for a stroll, travel leisurely
melihat see    melihat-lihat browse, have a look around

For a more detailed discussion of verb reduplication, see Sneddon 1.19pp.

Selain

Selain ‘apart from; besides; in addition to’ in the main clause is often followed by juga ‘also’ in the subordinate clause:

Selain keindahan panorama pantai, objek wisata itu juga menyediakan berbagai mainan anak-anak.
Apart from the beauty of the ocean view, this tourist spot also provides various playground equipment.

The following example is taken from an article about climate change:

Selain Jakarta, tiga kota Asia Tenggara lainnya juga terancam tenggelam.
Besides Jakarta, three more Southeast Asian cities are in danger of sinking.

Indefinite Numbers

The above newspaper article contains a number of indefinite numbers. You certainly already know semua ‘all’, banyak ‘many’, and setiap ‘every’. This article introduces three more indefinite numbers: berbagai ‘various’, aneka ‘various, all sorts of’, and salah seorang ‘one of’. Apart from salah seorang, there is also salah satu ‘one of’ that is used for items and not for humans.

Nominalisation with -nya

In our text, we have three nominalisations with -nya where the adjective with attached -nya is preceded by dengan and followed by a possessive noun. Twice the nominalised adjective is adanya ‘existence, presence’, and once it is banyaknya ‘plenitude; abundance’.

Sejak adanya Taman Pantai Berkas, pendapatan mereka naik.
Since the Pantai Berkas Park was opened, their incomes have increased. (Lit. Since the existence…)

Dengan adanya taman tersebut pendapatan kami bertambah.
Due to the presence of the park, our incomes have increased.

Sukma senang dengan banyaknya pengunjung karena penjualannya meningkat.
Sukma is pleased with the large number of visitors because their sales have gone up.

Other examples of nominalised adjectives are:

Menara Eifel, tingginya 324m.
The Eiffel Tower is 324m tall. (Lit. The height of the Eiffel Tower is 324m)

Karena pintarnya, anak itu diterima di universitas terbaik.
Because of her intelligence, she was admitted to the best university.

Mereka tidak peduli dengan derasnya hujan saat itu.
They didn’t care about the heavy rain back then. (Lit. … with the heaviness of the rain.)

Dengan manisnya ia memandang wajah ibuku.
Sweetly, she looked at my mother’s face. (Lit. With sweetness…)

Sambil & Sementara

You most likely already know the coordinating conjunctions dan ‘and’, atau ‘or’, tetapi, akan tetapi, tapi ‘but’, lalu and kemudian ‘then’, and serta ‘and, as well’. Two more coordinating conjunctions appear here: sambil and sementara ‘while’. Even though they both translate as ‘while’, there is a subtle difference between the two: sambil is used when one person performs two activities at the same time, or, in other words, the two verbal clauses have the same subject, the second being obligatorily ellipted:

Warga yang ingin menikmati keindahan panorama pantai, sambil duduk-duduk menikmati beragam aneka makanan dan minuman…
The residents that want to enjoy the coastal views while relaxing and enjoying the various foods and drinks…

…ujarnya sambil tersenyum…
…she said while smiling…

Kami betah duduk-duduk di sini sambil ngobrol dengan teman-teman…
We love sitting here while chatting with friends…

Sementara is used when two people perform two actions at the same time:

Ayah duduk-duduk di kebun sementara ibu memasak di dapur.
Father sits in the garden while mother cooks in the kitchen.

Sementara can also be used in the same way as sedangkan ‘while, whereas’ which tends to be more contrastive:

Sementara salah seorang penjual minuman, Sukma, senang dengan banyaknya pengunjung…
Whereas one of the beverage vendors, Sukma, enjoys the many visitors…

Kosa Kata

Pekerjaan Rumah (PR)

Go to the Internet and in your favorite search engine, type “sambil site:kompas.com”. This will take you to the national newspaper Kompas. Find five sentences that contain sambil and translate them into English. Then do the same, but this time search for sedangkan.

Padan Kata

Match the words on the left with their synonyms on the right.

Isian 1

Isian 2

Kartu Bolak Balik

Review and memorise the following words.

Mencari Kata

Judul	Pahlawan Nasional Raden Ajeng Kartini
Penulis	Uli Sembiring & Riana Helen Burman
Jumlah Kata	157
Tingkat Kesulitan	B1+

Perkenalan

We recommend that you read the Wikipedia article on Kartini before you start reading the Indonesian text.

Nonton Yuk

Dikte

Click on the plus sign and read the summary carefully. Pay attention to the spelling of each word as this is a dictation exercise. After you have read the text, close the spoiler, and then complete the dictation exercise.

Bacaan

Pahlawan Nasional Raden Ajeng Kartini

1. Raden Ajeng Kartini lahir pada tanggal 21 April 1879 di Jepara. Dia adalah pemimpin pergerakan emansipasi wanita di Indonesia. RA Kartini bersekolah di sebuah sekolah Belanda, namun pada usia 12 tahun, ayahnya melarang dia untuk melanjutkan sekolah karena tradisi yang mengatakan bahwa seorang wanita tidak boleh memiliki tingkat pendidikan tinggi.
2. RA Kartini prihatin dengan kondisi pendidikan kaum wanita di Indonesia. Karena pandai berbahasa Belanda, dia sering menulis surat kepada teman-temannya di Belanda. Dalam surat-suratnya ia menulis cita-citanya tentang persamaan derajat antara pria dan wanita di Indonesia. Akhirnya, dia berhasil mendirikan sebuah sekolah khusus untuk wanita.
3. Setelah menikah dengan bupati Rembang, ia pindah ke Jawa Tengah pada tahun 1903. Dia menulis buku yang berjudul “Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang” yang berisi koleksi surat-suratnya kepada teman-temannya. RA Kartini meninggal pada bulan November 1904 ketika ia melahirkan anak pertamanya.
4. Setiap sekolah merayakan Hari Kartini dengan mengadakan upacara untuk mengenang RA Kartini dan memakai pakaian tradisional Indonesia.

Pertanyaan

1. Apakah menurut tradisi seorang perempuan boleh memiliki pendidikan dasar?
2. Apakah Raden Ajeng Kartini bersekolah di Belanda?
3. Kartini prihatin dengan apa?
4. Kartini memiliki sahabat pena di mana?
5. Kartini menulis surat-suratnya dengan bahasa apa?
6. Apakah status laki-laki di Indonesia lebih tinggi daripada perempuan?
7. Apakah Kartini kawin dengan seorang Indonesia?
8. Rembang terletak di mana?
9. Kartini punya berapa anak?
10. Apakah pada hari Kartini perempuan berpakaian seperti Kartini dulu?

Isian 1

Isian 2

Isian 3

Arti Kata

Padan Kata

Lawan Kata

Pekerjaan Rumah (PR)

Write a short biography of Martin Luther King. You can base it closely on R.A. Kartini’s bio above.

Kartu Bolak Balik 1

Kartu Bolak Balik 2

Mencari Kata

Judul	Ibu Bei Kartinian
Penulis	Masdi Sunardi
Jumlah Kata	78
Tingkat Kesulitan	B2

Nonton Yuk

In the previous lesson, we learned that Hari Ibu Kartini (in colloquial Indonesian commonly called Kartinian) is observed every 21 April. Kartini is a symbol of modern women empowerment in Indonesia, and hence Kartini Day is mostly celebrated by Indonesian women. During the celebration mothers and their daughters usually wear a kebaya, the traditional Javanese blouse-dress combination. Various competitions such as fashion shows, cooking and flower-arrangement competitions, and a range of other festivities are held to enliven the commemoration.

Because the focus of Kartini Day is the issue of women empowerment, and also because mothers and daughters are very busy during this day, the household chores automatically become the responsibility of the spouse.

Colloquial Indonesian

When Indonesians speak, they do not use textbook Indonesian. Depending on the region, they may speak one of the many dialects of the Indonesian language. Many of these dialects are based on local Malay dialects that have been spoken there for centuries. So when you go to North Sulawesi, people will speak Manado Malay, and if you go to North Sumatra, people will speak Medan Malay. The dialect that is spoken in the capital Jakarta is known as Betawi Malay because the former name of Jakarta, given by the Dutch, is Batavia. Betawi Malay, also known as Omong Betawi, and nowadays more commonly as bahasa Jakarta, has a special status among the many Malay dialects in Indonesia. Almost all soap operas and many movies use the colloquial variant of the Indonesian language which is spoken in Jakarta. Through the media, and especially also the Internet, Jakarta Malay is dispersed all over the archipelago. Virtually all chat groups in Indonesia use Jakarta Indonesian as the main language of communication.

Many loan words from Jakarta Malay such as nggak, kok and lho have already deeply penetrated the Indonesian language and are widely used in urban environments throughout Indonesia. Other words such as banget, kangen or mendingan or the particles sih, deh, nih, tuh and dong are also becoming increasingly popular, and should be considered as an essential part of colloquial Indonesian that every student of the Indonesian language should be familiar with. Unfortunately most textbooks and texts available for students of Indonesian tend to completely ignore this kind of Indonesian that almost every visitor to Indonesia will hear when trying to verbally communicate with Indonesians.

Colloquial Indonesian (CI) differs only slightly from Standard Indonesian (SI) in phonology, morphology, syntax, or lexicon. It should also be emphasised that the rules of CI are to a large degree ‘inconsistent’ as many speakers will frequently use a mix of colloquial and standard language.

Please note that the following ‘explanations’ have the sole purpose to provide students with a brief and practical introduction to the most important features of CI.

Phonetically CI differs slightly from SI:

• In some cases initial /s/ might be dropped. This is, however, limited to very few words. Sudah, sama, and saja appear as udah, ama, and aja in CI.
• In proper Betawi Malay final /a/ also changes to /e/ rendering ama to ame, and aja to aje. This, however, is mainly restricted to ‘true’, or very conservative Betawi Malay, and only occasionally found in CI.
• The vowel /a/ in final closed syllables almost always changes to /ə/: seneng, pantes, bener, males, simpen, etc.
• The diphtong /au/ is usually contracted to /o/, sometimes followed by a glottal stop: kalau –> kalo –> kalok, atau –> ato, mau –> mo.
• The diphthong /ai/ is replaced by /ae/ : main –> maen, or by /é/ in open syllables: sampai –> sampé.

In CI the prefix me- is usually dropped while prenasalisation of the root word is maintained. The following table illustrates this:

The text that you are going to read, a comic strip by Masdi Sunardi, contains a number of colloquialism. Can you locate them? There are about 15.

Ibu Bei Kartinian

How many did you find? In the following exercise you will find the answer. We have hidden the colloquialisms and replaced them with formal Indonesian words in parentheses. Reconstruct the text. If you are stuck, look at the comic strip.

Let’s have a look at the words again. To begin with, the differences between Jakarta-style colloquial Indonesian and standard Indonesian are not only in the fields of phonology and morphology, but also in the lexicon. However, the number of words that are truely different, is relatively small:

bikin ‘to make’ (SI membuat),
gampang ‘easy’ (SI mudah),
nggak ‘no, not’ (SI tidak),
bilang ‘to say’ (SI mengatakan).

Colloquial Indonesian can be confusing as it uses words that you are familiar with, but they can have a different meaning. You already know the word lagi in the meaning ‘more’ and ‘again’, but in colloquial Indonesian it can also mean ‘at the moment’ and is synonym to the standard Indonesian sedang. You already know the word terus in the meaning ‘straight ahead’, but in colloquial Indonesia it takes the additional meaning ‘then, and then’, which in SI is either lalu or kemudian. You also already know the word sama in the meaning ‘same’, or with prefix ber- bersama ‘together’. In colloquial Indonesian sama has a range of meanings and it can replace bersama, and a lot of prepositions such as dengan, akan, pada, kepada etc.

One may also argue that aku is colloquial, and saya standard Indonesian, but the difference between the two is more in respect to age, and familiarity. Menanak is simply another word for memasak, but it is used almost exclusively for cooking rice. The root word is tanak, and hence in CI it becomes nanak. Tuh is the same as itu, just as nih is ini, but both tuh and nih function differently. Tuh is an emphasis words without a real meaning similar to “eh”, but it can also mean ‘that’, ‘there’, ‘look there’. Nih is also often impossible to translate and can mean ‘here’, ‘this’, or ‘here it is’.

Nyayur ‘to cook vegetables’ is derived from sayur, but there is no standard Indonesian equivalent as *menyayur does not exist! It is similar in use to ngopi ‘to drink coffee’, derived from kopi.

The interjections lho ‘what?!’ lho ‘what?!’ and the untranslatable lha are, of course, also colloquial elements as is the marker ya ‘right?, will you?’ and the exclamation waduh ‘darn!’, here spelled with an extra h, which indicates that the speaker is Javanese.

It is important to know that there is no strict border between CI (Jakarta Malay) and SI. Bu Bei, for instance, tells Pak Bei:

Selesai masak, terus nyuci pakaian, ya.
When you have finished cooking, then do the laundry, okay.

Selesai ‘finished, done’ is perfectly standard Indonesian. In Jakarta Malay one would have expected habis or abis instead of selesai, but these inconsistencies are not noticed by most native speakers. On the contrary, it has become perfectly normal that Jakarta-style colloquial Indonesian is mixed with standard Indonesian, and SI also has become much more accommodative than it used to be in the past.

Latihan Pemahaman

Scroll up, and read the cartoon again. Then answer the following comprehension questions:

Dengarkan—Ibu Bei Kartinian

Listen to the sound file to complete the following text:

Pekerjaan Rumah Tangga 1

Identify the following household chores:

Pekerjaan Rumah Tangga 2

Bu Bei tells Pak Bei to do some household chores. Do you remember what they are? Click on them.

Pekerjaan Rumah Tangga 3

Here are some household chores in standard Indonesian. Can you render them into colloquial Indonesian?

Isian

Latihan Kosa Kata

Change the standard Indonesian words in bold into colloquial Indonesian. If you are stuck, look at the following word list:

lagi – cuma – bilang – bisa – bikin – buat – kasi – gampang – ngapain

Latihan Tata Bahasa

Change the following verbs into nouns with prefix Pe- or PeN-. You may want to consult Sneddon’s Reference Grammar 1.45 – 1.55.

Pekerjaan Rumah (PR): Tugas Mandiri

Step 1: Preparation

1. Paling suka: ____________________
   Alasan (Reason):____________________.
2. Suka: ____________________
   Alasan:____________________.
3. Tidak suka: ____________________
   Alasan:____________________.
4. Paling tidak suka: ____________________
   Alasan:____________________.

Step 2: Practise

Kosa Kata

Judul	Gamelan membantu ribuan narapidana di Inggris
Disadur dari	BBC Indonesia, 20 Januari 2015
Jumlah Kata	320
Tingkat Kesulitan	B2

Pertanyaan

Perkenalan

Many psychologists argue that the arts help prisoners (narapidana) to acknowledge their guilt, confront their behaviour and recover self confidence (kepercayaan diri). These are all essential steps in any rehabilitation process.

A group (kelompok) called Good Vibrations has conducted gamelan workshops in 17 different prisons (penjara) across the UK.

Gamelan, an instrumental ensemble of Java and Bali, typically including many bronze percussion instruments, is said to promote calm, especially among inmates suffering from mental disorder (gangguan jiwa) who make up a large percentage of the prison population, and can become a stepping stone to vocational training or numeracy and literacy classes.

Dikte

Click on the plus sign and read the summary carefully. Pay attention to the spelling of each word as this is a dictation exercise. After you have read the text, close the spoiler, and then complete the dictation exercise.

Bacaan

Gamelan membantu ribuan narapidana di Inggris

Gamelan dapat membantu mengembangkan toleransi

1. Ribuan narapidana dan mantan narapidana di Inggris mendapatkan bantuan ‘terapi’ belajar dan bermain gamelan bersama melalui satu yayasan yang berkeliling di puluhan penjara dalam 10 tahun ini.
2. Direktur eksekutif Yayasan Good Vibrations yang didirikan tahun 2003, Katherine Haigh, mengatakan dari sekitar 4050 peserta – sebagian besar adalah narapidana – 75% di antaranya menyebutkan bahwa belajar gamelan membantu meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka.
3. “Kami melakukan kursus gamelan selama satu minggu dan para peserta menciptakan, mengimprovisasi dan kemudian pentas serta mendapatkan kualifikasi,” kata Katherine kepada BBC Indonesia.
4. Katy menambahkan gamelan adalah aktivitas bersama, “tidak ada konduktor atau pemimpin dan kontribusi setiap orang sama pentingnya.”
5. “Unsur alami gamelan adalah Anda harus mendengarkan setiap orang agar bagian permainan bisa sesuai,” tambah Katy yang mulai belajar gamelan di Universitas York pada 1998.


Suara gong gamelan terbukti sebagai terapi

6. Salah satu peserta yang mengikuti kursus gamelan ini adalah Russ Haynes, seorang pelawak tunggal.
7. “Saat Good Vibrations bertemu dengan Russ, dia baru saja keluar dari penjara dan menarik diri dari semua orang,” kata Katherine.
8. Russ sendiri menyatakan melalui rekaman video di akun Facebook Good Vibrations bahwa saat bertemu dengan tim ini dia mengalami depresi.

Gamelan membantu menguasai diri sendiri

9. “Melalui gamelan untuk pertama kalinya saya bisa menguasai diri sendiri, dan gamelan membantu saya dalam pekerjaan saya sebagai pelawak tunggal,” kata Russ.


Tahun ini, Good Vibrations ingin mengembangkan sayap dengan membantu komunitas lain.

10. Katherine Haigh mengatakan bunyi gong dan instrumen serupa memiliki fungsi “terapi”.
11. “Latihan ini juga memberikan pandangan tentang budaya lain dan membantu mengembangkan toleransi dan sikap terbuka,” tambahnya.
12. Banyak anggota kelompok yang didirikan oleh Catherine Eastburn ini memang mahir bermain gamelan dan mereka tergabung dalam sejumlah kelompok termasuk The Southbank Gamelan Players dan Gamelan Naga Mas.
13. Beberapa di antara anggota Good Vibrations – yang antara lain mendapat bantuan dana dari berbagai kelompok termasuk Arts Council England dan Youth Music – belajar gamelan melalui beasiswa di Jawa.
14. Salah satu rencana tahun ini, menurut Katherine Haigh, tidak hanya menambah jumlah narapidana yang dilatih namun juga memperluas komunitas yang dibantu termasuk mereka yang mengalami gangguan jiwa.

Hak atas foto GDA

Latihan Mendengarkan

Tata Bahasa

Suffix -an with Numbers

With group numbers, but not with their multiples, -an indicates an indefinite multiple of the group number:

puluhan tens
ribuan thousands
puluhan ribu burung tens of thousands of birds

Belasan indicates an indefinite number between ten and twenty:

belasan orang between ten and twenty people
anak belasan tahun a teenager (more than ten but less than twenty years old)

With multiples of group numbers it indicates an estimate, ‘about so many, that number or so’:

lima puluhan about fifty, fifty odd

Lagu lama tahun sembilan puluhan.
An old song from the nineties.

Infinite Numbers

The indefinite numbers that you most likely already know are semua ‘all’, seluruh ‘all of, whole of’, setiap ‘each, every’, beberapa ‘several’, sedikit ‘a few’, bermacam-macam ‘various, all kinds of’, sejumlah ‘a number of’, kebanyakan ‘most’, berbagai ‘various’, and sembarang ‘any (kind of), no particular’.

Salah satu

Salah satu (for human beings also salah seorang) ‘one of’ is an indefinite number. See Sneddon 2.113.and 2.20 to learn more about indefinite numbers.

Salah satu rencana tahun ini One of this year’s plans
Salah satu kenalan saya One of my acquaintances
Salah satu jalan di kota ini One of the streets in this town
Salah seorang guru One of the teachers

Sebagian

Sebagian ‘part of’ is another indefinite number:

Sebagian pemain gamelan A part of the gamelan players

The indefinite number sebagian can be modified by besar and kecil:

Sebagian kecil kota ini dilanda banjir.
A small part of the town was inundated by the flood.

Sebagian besar narapidana belajar gamelan untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka.
A large part of the inmates learn gamelan to increase their self confidence.

A few indefinite numbers are sometimes separated from the head by dari, including sebagian ‘a number (of)’ and salah satu/seorang ‘one (of)’:

Salah satu/seorang dari kolega saya One of my colleagues.

Para

Plurality of nouns is implicit, and it is hence rarely indicated overtly. The phrase ada mobil di jalan itu does not indicate whether mobil is singular or plural. Learners are often tempted to reduplicate the noun to pluralise it, but in this particular sentence this would create an unidiomatic and hence grammatically wrong sentence. Therefore learners are advised to be cautious when using reduplication. Singularity can often be expressed by using a classifier such as sebuah, seorang, seekor etc.:

Ada sebuah mobil di jalan itu.
There is a car on that road

Seorang anak-anak berdiri di depan kaca toko.
A child is standing in front of the shop window.

In order to explicitly express plurality, one can use the indefinite number sejumlah ‘a number of’ or beberapa ‘several’

Ada beberapa mobil di jalan itu.
There are several cars on that road.

Sejumlah anak-anak berdiri di depan kaca toko.
A number of children are standing in front of the shop window.

However, specifically for humans, there is para – a special indefinite number that marks the noun as plural and referring to a particular group:

para pemilih the voters
para guru the teachers
para demonstran the protestors
para peserta the participants
para terdakwa the accused
para pecinta alam the nature lovers

For more information consult Sneddon 2.116. For indefinite numbers see 2.113.

Ulasan Kosa Kata

Diri

1. The verb Diri

The root diri is not used by itself. It requires affixes to be functional: berdiri ‘to stand’, mendirikan ‘to to build, establish, found, erect’, pendiri ‘founder’ is derived from mendirikan, pendirian ‘ opinion; point of view; attitude; stance’, and terdiri atas (also terdiri dari) ‘consisting of’.

2. The Reflexive Pronoun Diri

The reflexive pronoun diri ‘self’ can occur alone, as in menjaga diri ‘look after oneself’, or in a reflexive phrase.

Let us look at some examples from the text:

Para narapidana meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka.
The prisoners increase their self confidence.

Russ menarik diri dari semua orang
Russ withdrew himself from all people

Saya bisa menguasai diri sendiri.
I am able to control myself.

Diri functions as a reflexive pronoun. It can be used in combination with nouns and verbs:

bela diri self defense
membela diri to defend oneself
bunuh diri suicide
membunuh diri to kill oneself, commit suicide
harga diri self respect, self esteem
pengorbanan diri self sacrifice
tahu diri to have the grace
percaya diri self confidence

A reflexive phrase consists minimally of reflexive pronoun diri ‘self’. A minimal reflexive phrase usually occurs as the object of a verb and indicates that the object is the same person as the subject of the verb (cf. Sneddon 2.162):

menguasai diri sendiri to control/restrain oneself
mencintai diri sendiri to love oneself
memikirkan diri sendiri to contemplate about oneself

Frasa Berguna

Read the following English phrases and try to guess their meanings in Indonesian. Click “Balik” to check your answer. Then locate the phrases in the text to see them in context.

Pekerjaan Rumah (PR)

Based on the eight frasa berguna in the previous exercise, write one sentence for each of the eight phrases above.

Padan Kata

Arti Kata

Isian

Kosa Kata

Judul	Menteri Susi puji langkah Duterte perintahkan pencuri ikan ditembak
Penulis	Damianus Andreas
Editor	Addi M Idhom
Disadur dari	Tirto.id, 12 Februari 2018
Jumlah Kata	221
Tingkat Kesulitan	B2

Perkenalan

Due to the large number of islands, Indonesia has about 55,000 km of coastline (garis pantai), much more than most countries (the USA has 20,000). The country claims all waters (perairan) surrounding its islands to 12 nautical miles (22 km) from the coastline. Indonesia’s exclusive economic zone, an area of the ocean in which the country controls fishing and other rights, extends 200 nautical miles (370 km/230 mi) from its shore.

Illegal fishing (pencurian ikan) is a major problem in Indonesia. In this article, Susi Pudjiastuti, the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan), proposes a rather unconventional approach to eliminate illegal fishing in the waters of Indonesia.

Pertanyaan

1. Mengapa pencurian ikan merupakan masalah besar? Sebutkanlah beberapa alasan.
2. Apa yang dapat dilakukan oleh pemerintah RI untuk melindungi garis pantai?
3. Seandainya Anda Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan, apa yang akan Anda lakukan untuk memberantas pencurian ikan?
4. Menurut Anda, para pencuri ikan berasal dari mana?.
5. Menurut Anda, apa yang perlu dilakukan dengan kapal pencuri ikan?
6. Menurut Anda, para pencuri ikan adalah nelayan-nelayan kecil, atau mereka bagian dari kejahatan terorganisir?
7. Lihat judul artikel ini. Siapa Duterte? Duterte terkenal akan apa?

Latar Belakang

In order to understand the dilemma Indonesia, and especially the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fishery, is facing, read the following article (written in English) from the South China Morning Post.

Dikte

Click on the plus sign and read the summary carefully. Pay attention to the spelling of each word as this is a dictation exercise. After you have read the text, close the spoiler, and then complete the dictation exercise.

Nonton Yuk

Bacaan

Menteri Susi Puji Langkah Duterte Perintahkan Pencuri Ikan Ditembak

Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Susi Pudjiastuti (ANTARA Foto/Hafidz Mubarak A.)

1. tirto.id – Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Susi Pudjiastuti menanggapi pernyataan Presiden Filipina Rodrigo Duterte yang memerintahkan agar pencuri ikan di laut Filipina ditembak.
Menteri Susi menilai pencurian ikan merupakan kejahatan serius karena bersifat terorganisasi dan melibatkan sindikat lintas-negara.
2. “Pencurian ikan tidak hanya sekadar ikan saja. Pasti ada alasan lain. Ini menyangkut kedaulatan, kejahatan kriminal lainnya. “Itu tidak main-main,” ujar Susi dalam jumpa pers di kantornya (12/2/2018).
3. Duterte berencana menyuruh Angkatan Laut Filipina untuk melakukan penembakan kepada pencuri ikan di perairan negaranya.
4. Susi menilai pencurian ikan merupakan kejahatan serius. Dia menjelaskan kejahatan pencurian ikan itu bersifat terintegrasi, terorganisasi dan melibatkan sindikat lintas-negara. Salah satu indikasinya, anak buah kapal (ABK) sindikat pencurian ikan biasanya berasal dari sejumlah negara berbeda serta adanya praktik pemalsuan dokumen.
5. “Namanya sindikat, bukan seperti nelayan-nelayan itu,” ucap Susi.
6. Namun, Susi tidak berencana mendorong Indonesia agar mengikuti langkah Filipina. Susi menegaskan Indonesia akan tetap menindak pelaku pencurian ikan sebagaimana telah dilakukan selama ini.
7. Susi menambahkan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) hanya melaksanakan keputusan yang sesuai UU Nomor 45 Tahun 2009 tentang Perikanan.
8. Susi pun kembali menyatakan bahwa keputusan untuk memusnahkan kapal-kapal pencuri ikan yang tertangkap sebetulnya berada di tangan pengadilan.
9. “Kalau pengadilan bilang dimusnahkan, ya dimusnahkan. Caranya banyak, bisa ditenggelamkan, dibocorin, sesuai keputusan hukum dan undang-undang saja,” kata Susi.

Latihan Mendengarkan

Tata Bahasa

The language of the media can be described as a relaxed formal style of the Indonesian language. Journalists occasionally pepper their writings with some informal Indonesian, but by and large it is formal Indonesian of a particular style which is only used by journalists.

The language of the media is also known for using elaborate phrases rather than simple verbs and nouns:

Colloquial speech is used when journalists cite a person. Normally politicians also tend to speak in formal Indonesian, but Ibu Susi is known for speaking our rather bluntly, and she does not hesitate to use informal words such as bilang ‘to say’, and she even use grammatical forms of Jakarta Malay such as bocorin ‘to make something become leak’ (i.e. to sink a boat by drilling holes) where the suffix -in is equivalent to the sufix -kan in formal Indonesian.

Ulasan Kosa Kata

Mengatakan

Go to an online thesaurus and look up how many words are listed as synonyms for ‘to say’ – to add, maintain, express, allege, state, and many others.

The most straightforward translation for ‘to say’ is mengatakan, which, however, we do not find in our text. Instead, the author uses a variey of related words, namely menyatakan from nyata ‘clear, evident, obvious, real’ and menjelaskan from jelas ‘clear, obvious, definite’. Ucap and ujar are also near synonyms. Menilai is derived from the noun nilai ‘value’, menegaskan from the adjective tegas ‘explicit; determined, assertive, adamant, resolute’, and menambahi from the verb tambah ‘to add’, and menanggapi from the adjective tanggap ‘observant, perceptive, responsive, attentive, insightful’.

Merupakan

You already know the copula adalah. If you forgot how to use adalah, or if you don’t know what a copula is, check out Sneddon’s grammar 3.14. Adalah is never a required word, and hence students are advised not to use it unless they know exactly when it can be used and when not. As adalah is a copula, it cannot be negated, but merupakan ‘constitute, be’ is a verb which can be negated.

Pencurian ikan merupakan kejahatan serius.
Fish theft is a serius crime.

Perbuatan itu tidak merupakan suatu tindakan pidana.
That act does not constitute a criminal offence.

Main-main

The Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia gives three definitions for main-main:

1 bersenang-senang dengan melakukan sesuatu (to enjoy doing something).
2 tidak dengan sungguh-sungguh; hanya berkelakar; bermain-main saja (not seriously, just kidding, just playing around)
3. berbuat serong (to cheat on one’s partner).

In the context of our reading, main-main has the second meaning: Itu tidak main-main this is serious; don’t take it lightly

Main-main can be translated in many ways:

Kau main-main? Are you kidding me with this?

Aku tak main-main! I’m not screwing around!

Jangan main-main denganku! Don’t test me!

Kamu jangan main-main, ini masalah penting. Don’t take it lightly, this is an important matter.

Saya bukan main-main. I’m not messing around.

Nanti main-main ke rumah, ya! You must drop over some time!

Bisa kamu berhenti main-main, Ratna! Can you stop fooling about, Ratna!

Sifat main-main itulah yang menjengkelkan. The frivolity of his behaviour is annoying.

Saya tak ada waktu untuk main-main. I have no time for frivolities.

Namanya

The meaning of namanya is, of course, ‘his/her name’, but it can also be used as an idiomatic expression meaning “It’s (not for nothing) called (a)…”. Often saja is added for additional emphasis:

Namanya sindikat, bukan seperti nelayan-nelayan itu.
It’s called a syndicate, they are not like our fishermen (lit. ‘those fishermen’).

Namanya saja dongeng, apa pun bisa terjadi.
It’s not called a fairy tale for nothing, anything can happen.

Namanya kampanye, saatnya membuat janji.
It’s called a campaign, time to make promises.

Namanya penipuan, sayang.
It’s called a hustle, sweetheart.

Frasa yang Berguna

Isian I

Padan Kata

Isian II

Pekerjaan Rumah (PR)

Imagine you are the owner of a Vietnamese fishing company. One of your fishing vessel has been destroyed. Write a letter of protest in Indonesian to the Indonesian government where you state that your ship has only accidentally (kebetulan) navigated into Indonesian waters, that you strongly disagree (tidak setuju) with the destruction of your vessel, that you consider it an illegal act, and that you demand (menuntut) a compensation (ganti rugi) for the losses (kerugian) that you experienced. Write at least 120 words. Open your letter with (Dengan hormat) and close it with (hormat saya) followed by your name.

Kartu Bolak-Balik