TIW

Lesson 113
5 (2)

Posted on 02.07.24

Pro & Kontra Bedah Plastik

Aims

To expand and consolidate vocabulary by engaging in a debate on a controversial topic.

Vocabulary Review

Kosa Kata LaluFlashcardsFind the Hidden WordsLatihan 1

Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons.

AUDIO

aman, asal, bahagia, barang, berusaha, bisnis, dipasang, hadiah, hukum, kosmetik, membutuhkan, mengatur, pemakaian, penampilan, percaya, percaya diri, puas, sabun, sendiri, sesuai, terjadi, tubuh, wajah

Use the following flashcards to review the Kosa Kata Lalu vocabulary items.

Kosa Kata Lalu Pelajaran 113

[qdeck align=”center”] [q]

aman

[a]

safe

[q]

asal

[a]

origin, to be originated from

[q]

bahagia

[a]

happy

[q]

barang

[a]

good, ware, commodity

[q]

berusaha

[a]

to make an effort, to engage in business

[q]

bisnis

[a]

business, commerce

[q]

dipasang

[a]

to be put

[q]

hadiah

[a]

present, gift

[q]

hukum

[a]

law

[q]

kosmetik

[a]

cosmetic

[q]

membutuhkan

[a]

to need (something or someone)

[q]

mengatur

[a]

to arrange

[q]

pemakaian

[a]

the use

[q]

penampilan

[a]

appearance

[q]

percaya

[a]

to believe, to trust

[q]

percaya diri

[a]

confident

[q]

puas

[a]

satisfied

[q]

sabun

[a]

soap

[q]

sendiri

[a]

self, own, alone

[q]

badan kita sendiri

[a]

our own body

[q]

sesuai

[a]

according to, suitable, appropriate

[q]

terjadi

[a]

to happen, occur, take place

[q]

tubuh

[a]

body

[q]

wajah

[a]

face

[/qdeck]

Debating the Pros and Cons of Cosmetic Surgery

One of the fastest growing areas of medical practice, in Indonesia as well as elsewhere, is that of cosmetic surgery. But cosmetic surgery is also controversial. Before trying to debate the issue in Indonesian, let’s look at some of the arguments for and against in English.

For the purposes of this debate, let us take “cosmetic surgery” to mean NOT the correction of an obvious physical handicap, but surgery to “improve” appearance, change appearance, or counteract the perceived deterioration of appearance through ageing.

Here are some of the major arguments for and against cosmetic surgery. Takes these as a beginning point and flesh them out with other ideas, with example, and with evidence from your own experience. Don’t worry if you can’t immediately express all these ideas in Indonesian. The important thing is to have a broad awareness of some of the issues as a context within which to set the debate in Indonesian.

Gambar: Bedah Plastik

Pro

Improving your appearance is natural and an age-old feature of human society. Cosmetic surgery, as the term implies, is basically no different to using cosmetics. Having a face-lift is not essentially different to using lipstick and skin lotion. Getting some skin trimmed off is not really different to getting your hair trimmed. Cosmetic surgery, like ordinary cosmetics, helps people feel good about themselves.

Cosmetic surgery, unlike “curative” surgery, is almost always a minor “nip and tuck” procedure and harmless.

Appearance is a highly personal thing. People should have the right to present themselves as they want to, free from meddling by others. The right to have cosmetic surgery is a basic individual right.

Cosmetic surgery offers everyone who wants it the chance to be beautiful. It should be encouraged, just as better dress and home improvements should be encouraged as a way to make people happier and at the same time stimulate the economy.

As people grow older their appearance deteriorates. By having cosmetic surgery old people can have the boost to their health and self-confidence that “looking young” provides.

Pop idol Michael Jackson is to be admired for the courage and artistry he displayed in shaping his appearance the way he wants it to be.

Contra

Your looks are “given by God”, or at least are naturally given, or can be seen as a unique gift from your parents. We should learn to accept ourselves and love ourselves as we are. Only weak-minded, shallow people seek cosmetic surgery. Instead of wasting time and money on cosmetic surgery it would be cheaper and healthier to encourage people to be stronger, to have more confidence in themselves, and more pride in their natural appearance.

Cosmetic surgery can actually be quite risky. The field is crowded with charlatans and shonky operators. Just look at the suffering caused by silicon breast implants.

Cosmetic surgery is quite expensive. Only rich people can really afford it. It cannot really be a basic right when only the wealthy can enjoy this so-called “right”.

There is no point in having cosmetic surgery just in order to conform to current norms of beautiful appearance because these norms will change, and change quickly. If all people become equally “beautiful”, human nature and society will see to it that the ideal of attractiveness will change so that some people (the powerful who “set trends” and profit from them) can continue to be seen as more attractive than the majority.

Old people should be encouraged to grow old gracefully and act their age. And anyway, cosmetic surgery is just a way for rich surgeons to become richer. It is especially inappropriate for surgeons to prey on the insecurities of old people to take their money off them and further enrich themselves. One’s looks should not be “for sale”, especially in the vulnerable twilight years of life.

Michael Jackson is a pathetic figure. His face is not beautiful. In fact it is mask-like and apparently in danger of falling off.

LatihanL2L3L4L5

Now, complete the exercises in the tabs.

Marshalling Resources to Discuss Cosmetic Surgery in Indonesian

Using the Indonesian language resources you have studied in The Indonesian Way it is now possible for you to conduct a debate or discussion, albeit within somewhat limited parameters, about the pros and cons of cosmetic surgery.

The main resources you can call on for this are:

The vocabulary, phrases and sentences studied so far in Module Eight.
The short story Hidung and the news report in Latihan 113-01
The outline of pros and cons given in English above.
Your personal experiences, opinions and reading.
The “model” debate given below.

Before attempting the difficult exercise of debating or discussing this topic in Indonesian, make sure you are familiar with all these resources. Make sure also that you are not just parroting these resources, but can build on them using your own creativity expressed in simple but correct Indonesian. Here are some possible points in Indonesian. Read them very carefully and try to memorise as much of them as you can.

Pro

Bedah Plastik itu Baik dan Perlu

Semua orang ingin mempunyai wajah yang cantik atau ganteng dan badan yang bagus. Keinginan ini bukan hal yang aneh atau salah. Bedah plastik membantu orang yang tidak puas dengan muka atau bentuk badannya. Bedah plastik sama dengan kosmetik biasa seperti pemakaian sabun dan lipstik. Kalau kita boleh potong rambut, mengapa kita tidak boleh memotong dan mengambil sedikit kulit? Orang ingin kelihatan lebih menarik. Bedah plastik membantu orang menjadi lebih menarik dan lebih bahagia.

Aman dan Tidak Berbahaya

Operasi plastik biasanya operasi yang kecil dan aman yang cukup dilakukan di ruang praktek dokter. Biasanya pasien cepat sembuh dan tidak perlu masuk rumah sakit.

Bedah Plastik Tidak Mahal

Sebagian besar operasi plastik itu operasi kecil sehingga tidak mahal. Apa salahnya kalau seseorang memakai uangnya supaya badannya menjadi lebih bagus?

Bisnis yang Bagus

Bisnis kecantikan sudah menjadi komoditi seperti komoditi lain sehingga tidak salah untuk memperjualbelikannya dalam pasar bebas. Tentu saja asal bisnis itu dilakukan sesuai dengan hukum. Mencari untung bukan sesuatu yang salah.

Kontra

Bedah Plastik itu Tidak Baik dan Tidak Perlu

Wajah dan tubuh kita itu hadiah dari Tuhan, atau hadiah dari orang-tua kita yang tidak boleh ditolak. Semua orang itu cantik dan menarik, tidak ada yang jelek. Sebaiknya kita belajar menghargai muka dan badan kita sendiri. Jangan mau percaya kalau ada orang yang mengatakan Anda bisa lebih cantik. Sebetulnya, orang itu tidak betul-betul peduli pada Anda atau barangkali ia hanya mencari untung saja. Hanya orang yang kurang percaya diri saja yang membutuhkan bedah plastik.

Sangat Berbahaya

Bedah plastik sangat berbahaya. Operasi sering tidak berhasil sehingga harus diulang. Komplikasi juga sering terjadi. Misalnya implan silikon yang dipasang pada operasi bedah plastik buah dada sering pecah.

Bedah Plastik Mahal Sekali

Operasi plastik biasanya cukup mahal, apalagi kalau operasi perlu diulang. Uangnya lebih baik dipakai untuk hal-hal yang lebih berguna. Untuk apa uang diberikan kepada dokter yang sudah kaya?

Bisnis yang Buruk

Tubuh manusia seharusnya jangan menjadi barang dagangan yang dapat diperjualbelikan. Kalau ada yang mengatakan “penampilan Anda tidak sempurna”, jangan percaya. Mereka hanya mencari untung.

LatihanL6L7L8L9L10

Now, do Latihan 6–10.

Exercise 113-01

According to this (slightly edited) report in the Jakarta daily Suara Pembaruan (The Voice of Renewal), practitioners of general medicine have a different kind of relationship with their patients than practitioners of cosmetic medicine have. In legal terms, a different “contract” exists between doctor and patient. Read the report (you will find unfamiliar words in the vocabulary cards for this lesson) then write in English two or three sentences paraphrasing in your own words what (according to the report) this difference is.

Bedah Plastik Kosmetik: Masih Pro dan Kontra

Suara Pembaruan tanggal 19 September 2003

JAKARTA – Bedah plastik yang berdasarkan indikasi kosmetik tanpa indikasi medis masih menimbulkan pendapat pro dan kontra di kalangan medis. Soalnya, untuk bedah plastik semacam ini perlu ada opini kedokteran lain, seperti opini ahli ilmu jiwa / psikologi. Ini dilakukan supaya dokter ahli bedah plastik dalam melakukan pekerjaannya bukan sekedar tukang tetapi menjalankan profesi kedokteran secara jujur.

Hal itu dikatakan Dosen Etika Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (FKUI) Dr Agus Purwadianto yang diwawancara Suara Pembaruan, Selasa (16/9) pagi di Jakarta. Di tempat lain, ketua Majelis Kehormatan Etika Kedokteran (MKEK) Pusat Prof Dr Sjamsu Hidayat mengatakan, bedah plastik estetika (kosmetik) tidak terikat pada etika kedokteran umum, tetapi terikat pada kontrak hasil atau kontrak dagang. Kontrak semacam ini tidak dikenal dalam etika kedokteran umum.

Dia mengatakan, secara umum setiap dokter, termasuk dokter spesialis bedah plastik dan dokter umum, terikat kontrak usaha. Kontrak usaha adalah perjanjian khusus antara pasien dengan dokter yang mengatur usaha dokter untuk mengobati penyakit pasien. Dalam perjanjian ini, pasien mengemukakan segala rahasianya pada dokter yang tidak boleh dibocorkan walaupun pasien itu, misalnya, seorang penjahat. Dokter tidak bisa berjanji kepada pasien bahwa pasien pasti sembuh, atau bahwa dokter itu akan berhasil seperti yang diinginkan pasien. Dengan kata lain, dokter hanya berusaha, tetapi yang memutuskan adalah Tuhan.

Tetapi pada bedah plastik kosmetik, sebelum ahli bedah plastik mengoperasi seseorang ada perjanjian antara pasien dan dokter untuk memperbaiki kondisi seseorang sesuai dengan keinginan pasien. Misalnya, seseorang ingin hidungnya dibuat lebih tinggi sebanyak tiga milimeter, tetapi oleh dokter ternyata dibuat lima milimeter. Dalam hal ini pasien bisa menggugat dokter untuk memperoleh uang ganti rugi. (N-4)

Dikte

Forum Diskusi 113-01

What is your own opinion on cosmetic surgery? In what cases are you supportive of cosmetic surgery? What are your personal pros and cons in regard to cosmetic surgery?

You also have to comment on at least three postings of your classmates.

Exercise 113-02

To complete this IndoLingo exercise, record your voice, then download it and name the file Exercise 113-02. Send it to your instructor or a native speaker. You may also do this exercise as a written homework assignment.

Task

Is there any similar phenomenon related to cosmetic surgery in your country? Which body part that commonly undergoes modification? Please elaborate a bit about such phenomenon. Tell us to what extent you agree or disagree with such phenomenon!

New Vocabulary for this Lesson

Daftar Kata (Word List)L11-Teka-Teki SilangL12-Cari kataL13-Cari kataL14-FLashcard

Daftar Kata

AUDIO

Please note that all vocabulary items printed in bold may appear in an exam!
The book icon denotes words predominantly used in the written or formal register.
A smiling face 🙂 denotes words that are predominantly used in the informal register.

badan kita sendiri	our own body
bébas	free
bedah	surgery
dagangan (•dagang)	good to be traded
diperjualbelikan (•jual beli)	to be traded
ditolak (•tolak)	refused, rejected, turned down
diulang (•ulang)	repeated
implan	an implant
keinginan (•ingin)	desire, wish
komoditi	commodity
komplikasi	complication
lemah	weak
lipstik	lipstick
manusia	human being, mankind, person
memperjualbelikan (•jual beli)	to trade
menghargai (•harga)	to value, respect
pecah	to break
peduli	to care about, pay attention to
prakték	practice
seharusnya (•harus)	should, ought to
sempurna	perfect, impeccable, flawless
seseorang (•orang)	a certain person, someone
silikon	silicone

Use the following flashcards to memorise the newly learned words.

[qdeck align=”center”] [q]

bebas

[a]

free

[q]

bedah

[a]

surgery

[q]

dagangan

[a]

good to be traded

[q]

diperjualbelikan

[a]

to be traded

[q]

ditolak

[a]

to be refused, rejected, turned down

[q]

diulang

[a]

to be repeated

[q]

implan

[a]

an implant

[q]

keinginan

[a]

desire, wish

[q]

komoditi

[a]

commodity

[q]

komplikasi

[a]

complication

[q]

lemah

[a]

weak

[q]

lipstik

[a]

a lipstick

[q]

manusia

[a]

a human being

[q]

memperjualbelikannya

[a]

to trade

[q]

menghargai

[a]

to value, respect

[q]

pecah

[a]

to break

[q]

peduli

[a]

to care about, pay attention to

[q]

praktek

[a]

practice

[q]

sabun

[a]

soap

[q]

seharusnya

[a]

should, ought to

[q]

sempurna

[a]

perfect, impeccable, flawless

[q]

sendiri

[a]

self, alone

[q]

seseorang

[a]

a certain person, someone

[q]

silikon

[a]

silicone

[/qdeck]

What Now??

Congratulations! Today you have completed the last module of «The Indonesian Way». You are no longer a beginner, but an intermediate learner. Of course, there is still a long way to achieve true advanced proficiency.

Dr. Uli Kozok, the co-author of The Indonesian Way, has developed many more learning materials for intermediate and up to advanced learners. At this stage we suggest to continue learning using «Baca Yuk». You may also consider using «Baca Yuk» in combination with «Aneka Baca». Both are intermediate level courses. If you consider continue learning Indonesian up to the advanced level, we suggest that you purchase the upper level package consisting of «Baca Yuk», «Aneka Baca», «Serba Serbi Nusantara», «Anak Jalanan», dan «Ada apa dengan Cinta?

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Required

Lesson 104
5 (1)

Posted on 02.07.24

Percakapan antara Pasien dan Dokter

Seorang Dokter dengan Pasiennya

Aims

To practise how to give orders and make prohibitions.

Vocabulary Review

Kosa Kata LaluFlashcardsFind the Hidden Words

Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons.

AUDIO

agak, ambil, anggur, angkat, bangun, berangkat, bilang, capai, berdiri, demam, diseterika, gaji, hal, jendela, kawin, kelihatan, kurus, lidah, marah, masalah, meminjam, mendengarkan, mengeluarkan, menggosok, mengucapkan, minyak, miskin, Nyonya, panas, pernah, pokoknya, punggung, rok, sebentar, sebetulnya, sehat, supaya, tenggorokan, tidak usah

Use the following flashcards to review the Kosa Kata Lalu vocabulary items.

Kosa Kata Lalu Pelajaran 104

[qdeck align=”center”]
[q]

agak

[a]

rather

[q]

ambil

[a]

to take

[q]

anggur

[a]

grape, wine

[q]

angkat

[a]

to raise, to lift

[q]

bangun

[a]

to wake up

[q]

bayar

[a]

to pay

[q]

berangkat

[a]

to depart

[q]

bilang

[a]

to say (coll.)

[q]

capai

[a]

tired

[q]

berdiri

[a]

to stand

[q]

demam

[a]

fever

[q]

dengarkan

[a]

to listen to

[q]

diseterika

[a]

to be ironed

[q]

gaji

[a]

salary

[q]

gosok

[a]

to rub

[q]

hal

[a]

a matter, thing

[q]

jendela

[a]

a window

[q]

kawin

[a]

to get married

[q]

kelihatan

[a]

to look as if

[q]

kurus

[a]

slim

[q]

lidah

[a]

tongue

[q]

marah

[a]

angry

[q]

masalah

[a]

a problem, an issue

[q]

meminjam

[a]

to borrow

[q]

mengeluarkan

[a]

to pull out, put out, remove

[q]

mengucapkan

[a]

to utter something, to say something

[q]

minyak

[a]

oil

[q]

miskin

[a]

poor

[q]

Nyonya

[a]

Mrs.

[q]

panas

[a]

hot

[q]

pedas

[a]

spicy

[q]

pernah

[a]

ever

[q]

pokoknya

[a]

in short, to put it in a nutshell, the important thing is, the bottom line is

[q]

punggung

[a]

a back

[q]

rok

[a]

a skirt

[q]

supaya

[a]

so that, in order that

[q]

sebentar

[a]

a short while, wait a minute

[q]

sebetulnya

[a]

actually

[q]

sehat

[a]

healthy

[q]

tenggorokan

[a]

a throat

[q]

tidak usah

[a]

don’t have to

[/qdeck]

Carilah kata-kata yang tersembunyi ini: apparently • matter • to lift up • to take • to borrow • tongue • to pay • to listen • tu rub, scrub • a problem • to iron

[/su_spoiler]

Giving Orders

At various stages in the course so far you have met words and phrases that can be used to convey instructions to someone. They have all involved the use of auxiliary verbs. For example, you can use harus and perlu.

Ini harus diseterika sekarang juga.
This must be ironed right now.

Menurut dokter kamu harus minum obat ini tiga kali sehari.
The doctor says you’ve got to take this medicine three times a day.

Sebelum Anda berangkat ada beberapa hal yang perlu Anda lakukan dulu.
Before you leave there are several things you need to do first.

Negative commands (or prohibitions) can be made with tidak perlu, tidak usah and tidak boleh (but usually not tidak harus)!

Badanmu panas sekali. Kamu tidak usah masuk hari ini.
You’re really hot. Don’t bother to go to the office today.

Saya kira yang ini tidak perlu Anda pakai.
I don’t think you need to use this one.

Kamu tidak boleh makan permen dan coklat. Jelas?
You’re not allowed to eat lollies and chocolate. It that clear?

In addition to using auxiliary verbs like this to convey instructions you can also use the main verbs themselves. You will recall that back in Module Five a distinction was described between intransitive and transitive verbs. Intransitive verbs are verbs like pergi, bangun, tidur, berjalan, menyanyi etc. These verbs don’t have an object and they never change their form (except if you are speaking informally when you can often drop the ber- or me- prefix). You can use intransitive verbs just as they are to give blunt orders.

Pergi!
Get out of here!

Bangun!
Get up!

Tidur. Sudah malam.
Go to bed. It’s late.

Berdiri!
Stand up!

Jalan!
Go!

Kamu bilang kamu bisa menyanyi. Baik. Nyanyi!
You said you can sing. Okay then. Sing!

Istirahat dulu!
Take a rest first.

Mohon Perhatian!

The particle -lah is quite often attached as a suffix to commands and prohibitions. It doesn’t have an easily describable meaning. Basically it adds polite emphasis. But it seems to have a variety of effects depending on context. For example, while it can make a command or prohibition more imperious and emphatic, in other contexts it can also ameliorate a command, making it sound pleading, or more polite, or less brusque.

Lah is especially commonly attached to intransitive verbs when they are used in commands. Thus Kamu bilang kamu bisa menyanyi. Baik. Nyanyilah!

Now let’s turn to transitive verbs. Transitive verbs, as you have seen, have objects and are formed by adding the active prefix meN- or the passive prefix di-. When you use a transitive verb to give an order, you must strip the meN- or di- prefixes and use only the stem form.

Beli dua!
Buy two!

Dingin! Tutup jendela itu!
It’s cold. Shut that window.

Perhatikan papan tulis!
Look at the blackboard!

Dengarkan baik-baik!
Listen carefully!

Minum obat ini, sekarang!
Take this medicine, now!

Ambil rok saya yang di lemari!
Go and fetch my dress, the one that’s in the cupboard!

Buka sepatu!
Take off your shoes!

To issue a prohibition (that is, a “negative command” saying, in effect, “Don’t …”) jangan is placed in front of the verb. With intransitive verbs, this works fine.

Jangan pergi!
Don’t go!

Jangan tidur dulu! Masih sore.
Don’t go to bed yet. It’s not late!

Jangan berjalan kaki! Lebih baik naik bis.
Don’t go on foot. You’d be better advised to go by bus.

Jangan tunggu! Saya nanti agak lama barangkali.
Don’t wait! I’m likely to be some time.

Jangan berbelanja di toko itu. Mahal!
Don’t shop in that store. It’s expensive!

Jangan! Jangan!
Don’t! Don’t!

But when we use jangan in front of a transitive verb, the verb can assume a variety of forms. In particular it can assume an active voice form with a meN- prefix (especially if you are talking about general issues and principles, rather than specific instances), and it can assume a passive voice form with a di- prefix (especially if you are talking about a specific thing that has already been mentioned).

Jangan beli anggur Perancis!
Don’t buy French wine.

Jangan dibuka!
Don’t open it!

Jangan pinjam uang!
Don’t borrow money!

Itu baju saya. Jangan dibawa!
That’s my dress. Don’t take it!

Jangan buat masalah!
Don’t make problems!

Makalah itu jangan ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris.
Don’t write the essay in English.

Jangan ingkar janji!
Don’t make empty promises!

Buku ini jangan dikembalikan dulu ke perpustakaan.
Don’t return this book to the library for the moment.

Jangan merokok di sini!
Don’t smoke here.

Jangan membuang sampah di sini!
Don’t throw trash here.

To learn more about the imperative, consult Sneddon’s grammar 4.32-56

Latihan Kosa KataL1L2

In these two exercises you will find vocabulary from previous lessons for you to review. The verbs are all represented in their imperative form.

Dikte

Exercise 104-01

Minyak angin is a kind of all-purpose patent medicine widely used throughout Indonesia. It takes the form of an oil (minyak) with a very strong liniment-like smell that is dabbed in small quantities on to the skin, especially on the neck, under the nose and behind the ears, and rubbed in. As its name suggests, minyak angin helps protect you from the effects of angin, especially the bad angin that can get inside you and cause you to feel ill (masuk angin). So it is often used at night as protection against unhealthy “night airs”, and by travellers in buses, cars and trains for protection against unhealthy draughts and blasts of wind.

Minyak angin is sold under many brand names. One of them is 1001 (seribu satu). Each tiny bottle of Minyak Angin Cap 1001 comes with a leaflet. In the leaflet below a number of instructions are given and a number of common minor ailments are mentioned. Some of the words and phrases in the leaflet are rewritten below on the right. Beside each one write an English translation, referring if necessary to the leaflet to check the context in which the word or phrase appears.

minyak angin

yang dipakai untuk
bermacam-macam penyakit
perlu disimpan di setiap rumah tangga
sakit kepala
pilek
sakit perut
sakit gigi
masuk angin
gosoklah di hidung
tidak boleh diminum

Doctor and Patient in Conversation: Some Useful Idioms

To help you talk more confidently about illness and health, here is a review of ten relevant phrases and patterns that have appeared previously in one context or another. With some tweaking and plenty of repetition, they will make a big contribution to the resources you can call on. Practise generating sentences from the sentence shells. Add items to columns where you can, and finish off the sentences where they are incomplete. Try also to visualise the situation in which the sentences might be used.

Exercise 104-02

To complete this IndoLingo exercise, record your voice, then download it and name the file Exercise 104-02. Send it to your IndoLingo Instructor. If you are not subscribed to IndoLingo, you may do this exercise as a written homework assignment.

IndoLingo & PR

IndoLingo allows you to record and download your voice. IndoLingo assignments contain various listening and speaking activities. You complete the IndoLingo assignment, record and submit it to your instructor or a native speaker.

The development of speaking skills is an area that is insufficiently or not at all covered by most online courses. We are changing that!

«The Indonesian Way« uses IndoLingo as a tool to provide students with the opportunity to communicate with a native speaker through the IndoLingo assignments, to actively use and develop their speaking skills, and to achieve a near-native pronunciation of the Indonesian language.

Task

Translate the following sentences into good Indonesian. Refer to the sentence shells and substitution tables above for models to help you with the translations.

I suggest that you don’t eat sweet food.
How long have you had an upset stomach? – – Just for the last two days.
Walk to the window, please.
Have you ever been in hospital?
I have a headache and I vomit from time to time.
I would like you to rest for the time being.
I get the impression that you’ve been drinking too much alcohol.
I’ve got to attend lectures, so I can’t help my husband.
The problem is that my family is poor. We can’t buy this medicine.
You look thin and sick. What’s wrong with you?

Do the following Latihan only AFTER you have completed Exercise 104-02!

Latihan 3

Dialog: Dokter & Pasiennya

Here is a conversation between an Ibu Dokter and a pasien .

Listen to the following dialogue between the physician and her patient and answer the following questions.

What is the patient’s illness?
What is the physician’s advice?
What dietary restrictions does the patient have?

InstruksiDialogDengarkanL4L5L6L7L8L9L10

Download the Student Handout and follow the instructions.

Now check your understanding of the dialogue by doing the exercises in the tabs. Always consult a good dictionary or the vocabulary cards whenever you stumble upon difficult words.

Selamat pagi, Ibu dokter.	O. Selamat pagi. Masuk. Duduk dulu. Tunggu sebentar, ya.
Terima kasih, Bu.	Nah, ada apa? Ibu sakit apa?
Saya sakit tenggorokan barangkali, Bu.	Sakit tenggorokan? Hmmm. Buka mulut. Keluarkan lidah. Ucapkan “aaaahhhh”.
Aaaahhhh!	Sekarang berdiri. Angkat tangan kanan. Angkat tangan kiri. Lihat ke atas. Baik, duduk lagi.
Bagaimana, Ibu dokter?	Memang tenggorokan Ibu kelihatan merah. Sakit flu, barangkali.
Apa yang sebaiknya saya lakukan?	Minum obat ini. Kalau sudah habis, beli obat lagi di apotek.
Apakah saya boleh bekerja?	Jangan! Jangan masuk kantor dulu. Dan jangan keluar rumah pada malam hari.
Baik, Bu dokter. Sebaiknya saya makan apa?	Pokoknya, jangan makan makanan yang pedas. Minum banyak air jeruk. O ya, jangan menonton televisi sampai larut malam. Tidur sebelum jam sembilan malam. Dan jangan mandi pada malam hari.
Terima kasih, Ibu dokter. Saya kira sudah cukup. Berapa, Bu?	Lima puluh ribu. Bayar di depan.
Terima kasih, Bu. Permisi.

Role Play: Ordering Someone Around

In the above dialogue, a physician bluntly orders her patient to do several things… to come in, to sit, to wait, to open her mouth, to stick her tongue out, to say “aaaah”, to stand up, to raise her right arm, to raise her left arm, to look up, to sit down again.

With your tutor/teacher or with a classmate, imagine that you are a grim, humourless, poe-faced doctor with a diffident, eager-to-please, overly respectful patient. Act out the events of the dialogue. You should, of course, vary the order of the doctor’s commands and try to add one or two extra ones of your own. Don’t forget to reconstruct the last part of the dialogue in which the doctor instructs the patient what to do and what not to do in order to get well.

Make sure the role play is lively and humorous. Remember that the more energy you put into devising an entertaining role play, even a short one, the more your Indonesian will benefit.

New Vocabulary for this Lesson

Daftar Kata (Word List)L11-JodohkanL12-Teka-Teki SilangL13-Cari kataFlashcards

Daftar Kata

AUDIO

Please note that all vocabulary items printed in bold may appear in an exam!
The book icon denotes words predominantly used in the written or formal register.
A smiling face 🙂 denotes words that are predominantly used in the informal register.

ada apa?	what’s wrong?, what’s up?, what’s going on?
apoték	a pharmacy
mengingkar janji	to break a promise
janji	promise, appointment
mengeluarkan (•keluar)	to put something out, to emit, to issue, to give off, to expel
mengembalikan (•kembali)	to return
lidah	tongue
makalah	essay, article
papan tulis	blackboard
pasién	patient
memperhatikan (•hati)	to pay attention to
perintah	an order, a command, an instruction
permén	candy
pilek	a cold, to have a cold

Use the following flashcards to memorise the newly learned words.

[qdeck align=”center”]
[q]

ada apa?

[a]

what’s wrong?

[q]

apotek

[a]

a pharmacy

[q]

ingkar

[a]

to break (a promise)

[q]

janji

[a]

promise, appointment

[q]

keluarkan

[a]

to put something out

[q]

kembalikan

[a]

to return

[q]

lidah

[a]

a tongue

[q]

makalah

[a]

essay, article

[q]

meminjam

[a]

to borrow something

[q]

minyak

[a]

oil

[q]

papan tulis

[a]

blackboard

[q]

pasien

[a]

patient

[q]

perhatikan

[a]

to pay attention to

[q]

perintah

[a]

an order, a command, an instruction

[q]

permen

[a]

candy

[q]

pilek

[a]

a cold, to have a cold

[q]

pinjam

[a]

to borrow something

[q]

ucapkan

[a]

to say something

[/qdeck]

Contact Us

Is something not working in this course or on this page? Drop us a note. Don’t forget to mention the lesson number.

M7 Buying and Selling
5 (1)

Posted on 02.07.24

Module 7

The basic aim of Module 7 of «The Indonesian Way» is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and model sentences that will enable you to go shopping and conduct business. Emphasis is on shopping for clothes, but you will also learn how to buy and sell real estate.

There is further study of the passive forms of verbs, with emphasis on the so-called “class II” passives involving first person and second person agents. You will learn the terms for various basic items of clothing and get more practice with the nominalising function of yang. There is a complete (simplified) short story by Indonesian author Mochtar Lubis, and you will consolidate your knowledge of Indonesian houses, including the form of a traditional Javanese house.

In the culminating role play you will take part in a sales pitch in which a real estate agent tries to sell a house to a prospective customer.

M8 Getting Advice about Health and Personal Problems
5 (1)

Posted on 02.07.24

Module 8

The basic aim of Module 8 of «The Indonesian Way» is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and model sentences that will enable you to discuss illness and personal problems. You will learn the names of the most important parts of the body and some common adjectives relating to feelings.

There is more practice with the passive form of the verb, and the imperative (command) form of the verb is introduced. You will practise further how to give advice (and how to receive it). After completing this module you should be able to take part in a consultation between a doctor and a patient and discuss personal problems with a friend or counsellor. There is a complete, simplified short story by Indonesian author Putu Wijaya, and the module concludes with a debate about the pros and cons of cosmetic surgery.

Lesson 110
5 (1)

Posted on 02.07.24

Membaca Cerita Pendek “Hidung” (1)

Petruk (Shutterstock)

Aims

To expand your vocabulary of words to do with personal appearance and personal problems by reading a short story.
To further explore the word kelihatan.

Vocabulary Review

Kosa Kata LaluFlashcardsFind the Hidden WordsLatihan 1

Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons.

AUDIO

ahli, anggap, barang, bentuk, berangkat, bingung, bisnis, buat, derajat, dioperasi, hidup, ibukota, kaya, kebudayaan, kera, lingkungan, maju, masalah, masyarakat, memiliki, memutuskan, memperbaiki, mengerti, menginginkan, menunjukkan, pasien, percaya, sesuai, terus-terang

Use the following flashcards to review the Kosa Kata Lalu vocabulary items.

Kosa Kata Lama Pelajaran 110

[qdeck align=”center”]
[q]

ahli

[a]

a specialist, an expert

[q]

anggap

[a]

to consider as

[q]

barang

[a]

things, goods

[q]

bentuk

[a]

form, shape

[q]

berangkat

[a]

to depart

[q]

bingung

[a]

confused

[q]

bisnis

[a]

business

[q]

buat

[a]

for (used instead of untuk)

[q]

derajat

[a]

degrees

[q]

dioperasi

[a]

to undergo surgery

[q]

hidup

[a]

life

[q]

ibukota

[a]

a capital city

[q]

kaya

[a]

rich

[q]

kebudayaan

[a]

culture

[q]

kera

[a]

monkey

[q]

lingkungan

[a]

environment

[q]

maju

[a]

advanced, one step ahead

[q]

masalah

[a]

a problem

[q]

masyarakat

[a]

the community, the society

[q]

memutuskan

[a]

to decide

[q]

memiliki

[a]

to own, have

[q]

memperbaiki

[a]

to repair, to improve (something)

[q]

mengerti

[a]

to understand

[q]

menginginkan

[a]

to wish, desire

[q]

menunjukkan

[a]

to show

[q]

pasien

[a]

a patient

[q]

percaya

[a]

to believe

[q]

sesuai

[a]

appropriate to

[q]

terus terang

[a]

to be honest, frankly speaking

[/qdeck]

[/su_spoiler]

Rambu di Jalan Raya Bahasa

Budaya & Kebudayaan

Rambu

Both budaya and kebudayaan can be translated as ‘culture’. There is a tiny difference between the two words, but so small that it does not need to worry you. Besides, even the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, is very vague in regards to the definition between budaya vs. kebudayaan.

Bukan

You have learned that tidak negates verbs and adjectives whereas bukan negates nouns and pronouns. While this is generally true, the picture can be more complex. The question

“O, Anda berasal dari Bali?”

can be answered either with bukan or with tidak, depending on whether the verb berasal or the noun Bali is negated.

Bukan, and its abbreviated form kan, which is used in colloquial speech, are often found at the end of a sentence. Here both bukan and kan translate as ‘isn&squo;t it?&squo;; ‘right?&squo;; ‘isn’t that correct?&squo;.

“Dokter mengerti, bukan?”
You understand me, right?
Danau Toba indah sekali, kan?
Lake Toba is beautiful, isn’t it?

A Word of Introduction to the Short Story Hidung

Putu Wijaya is one of Indonesia’s best known, most prolific and most versatile literary figures. He has established an outstanding reputation as a writer of fiction, journalist, editor, actor (on stage, in the cinema, and on TV), screenwriter, dramatist and film director.

He was born in Tabanan, Bali, in 1944. His work has always been highly theatrical, and especially early on, filled with images derived from Balinese life and tradition. He first came to the attention of the public with Bila Malam Bertambah Malam (When Night Deepens, 1971), a novel that started out as a stage play. This was followed by three allegorical novels Telegram (Telegram, 1972), Pabrik (Factory, 1975) and Setasiun (Station, 1977). During the 1980s he produced many short stories and plays, most with his trademark single-word titles like Gerr (Ha Ha Ha!), Aum (Roar), Bom (Bomb), Dor (Bang!) and scores more. Besides being theatrical, his work is almost always surrealistic, absurd, humorous and allegorical. It is dedicated to creating what he calls “mental terrorism”.

In 1971 Putu Wijaya founded his own theatre company, the Teater Mandiri. Over the years the company has regularly performed his works at leading venues in Indonesia, and has toured overseas. In 1980 Putu was awarded the prestigious Southeast Asian Writers Award, and in 1991 he received the Anugerah Seni award from the Indonesian government. He has three times won an “oscar” for his screenplays at Indonesia’s annual Film Festival.

The short story Hidung was written in 1987. It contains several allusions that may be unfamiliar to some readers. Check the notes over the page before starting to read.

Indo This word is used to refer to Indonesian Eurasians, that is, people of mixed European and Indonesian blood. As the story hints, some of Indonesia’s leading actors and actresses are “Indos”.
Petruk The tall, lanky clown with the long nose in the Javanese shadow theatre. Petruk is sometimes humorously likened to Europeans.
Ratu Kebaya Many Indonesians enjoy a beauty pageant but don’t feel comfortable with the “international” style that emphasises Western dress and naked flesh. So a more national style of beauty pageant has evolved in which elements of Indonesian culture are given a prominent place, and the contestants wear traditional dress, including the kebaya. Thus you have “Kebaya Queen” contests instead of beauty queen contests.
situasi dan kondisi A deliberately vague expression often used by bureaucrats and politicians to justify doing (or not doing) something when they can’t think of good, specific reasons. Journalists and the public sometimes ironically abbreviate the phrase to sikon or sitkon.
kelas atas (the upper class) Nani is an embodiment of the shallow pretensions of Indonesia’s social climbers. When she talks to the European doctor, she uses the rhetoric of trendy middle-class artists and academics, with pretentious Dutch and English words like sub-culture, metropolitan, psikologis, artistik, kontekstual etc.

The version of Hidung you are about to read has been edited so that most of its vocabulary and some of its grammar are tailored to what you already know. There are, nevertheless, some new words, so check the vocabulary cards for this lesson before you start reading.

“Hidung”(1)

Hidung

oleh
Putu Wijaya

Melihat bentuk hidungnya yang kurang mancung, Nani memutuskan, hidungnya harus dioperasi. Tidak setengah-setengah, ia berangkat ke Eropa, mencari dokter yang paling ahli. Minta hidungnya ditinggikan beberapa derajat lebih ke atas.
Dokter tidak segera memperbaiki hidung Nani. Lebih dahulu ia mewawancarai pasiennya.
“Mengapa Anda menginginkan operasi plastik?”
“Karena saya mencintai segala sesuatu yang artistik, Dokter.”
“Tapi Anda sudah artistik sekali. Anda cantik sekali.”
“Terima kasih banyak, Dokter. Saya tahu. Tetapi situasi dan kondisi di negara saya lain. Kami memiliki pendapat artistik yang berbeda. Apa yang menurut Anda bagus, buat kami mungkin tidak bagus. Dan apa yang untuk Anda biasa-biasa saja, kami anggap sangat bagus. Artistik atau tidak artistik itu kadang-kadang masalah psikologis. Terus-terang, karena sudah terlalu lama dijajah, buat kami apa yang datang dari Barat memiliki nilai lebih. Dengan satu kata: kemajuan. Ini memang tidak baik, tetapi di sana kami percaya begitu. Dokter mengerti, bukan?”
Dokter itu mencoba untuk mengerti.
“Tapi mengapa hidung?”
“Yah, itu juga menurut situasi dan kondisi, Dokter. Terus-terang, saya ingin kelihatan modern. Saya tinggal di kota metropolitan, di tengah-tengah budaya sub-culture, jadi saya harus sesuai dengan lingkungan saya itu. Dokter mengerti, bukan?”
Dokter itu kelihatan bingung.
“Baik. Begini, Dokter. Saya sekarang tinggal di Jakarta, ibukota Indonesia, yang sibuk dan ramai sekali. Saya bekerja dalam bisnis metropolitan dan bertemu dengan orang-orang kelas atas. Saya tidak mau kelihatan kampungan, walaupun saya memang berasal dari kampung. Nah, kemudian, ini menjadi masalah psikologis. Hidung itu barang yang paling cepat memberikan kesan negatif atau positif di negara saya. Karena hidung saya pesek, yang masih seperti hidung kera, bos-bos besar tidak mau percaya pada saya. Jadi saya terpaksa mengambil keputusan untuk sedikit memperbaiki hidung saya. Jadi operasi ini memiliki motivasi artistik dan komersial. Sekarang Dokter mengerti?”
Dokter mulai tersenyum.
“Jadi hidung yang Anda cari itu hidung komersial?”
“Kira-kira begitu. Dokter pernah menonton film Indonesia?”
“Belum. Indonesia itu di mana?”
“Dokter tahu Bali?”
Nani menunjukkan sedikit gerakan tari Bali.
“O Bali, tentu saja!”
“Bali itu di Indonesia.”
“O, Anda berasal dari Bali?”
“Bukan. Saya orang Indonesia. Bali itu hanya sebagian kecil dari Indonesia. Indonesia itu negara yang paling besar di Asia Tenggara. Orangnya juga paling banyak. Kami sekarang 170 juta orang. Negara Anda ini kalah jauh sekali.”
“Seratus tujuh puluh juta, oh?”
“Ya, kami semua seratus tujuh puluh juta orang. Tujuh puluh lima persen kami berhidung pesek. Di salah satu pulau kami yang besar, namanya pulau Jawa, hanya raja-raja dan keluarganya yang memiliki hidung mancung. Bisnis film kami maju sekali. Kalau Anda menjadi bintang film Anda bisa kaya sekali. Tetapi kalau Anda mau menjadi bintang film Anda harus berhidung mancung. Para kritikus mengatakan, wajah film kami itu wajah Indo, artinya wajah orang kulit putih dengan hidung panjang-panjang. Anda tentu tidak mengerti lagi apa yang saya katakan ini. Pokoknya begini, hidung itu barang penting dalam masyarakat sekarang. Lebih mancung lebih modern dan lebih tinggi kelasnya. Dokter mengerti?”
Kelihatannya dokter itu mengerti.
“Apakah Dokter masih mau bertanya lagi?”
“Jadi, motivasi Anda artistik, komersial, psikologis dan kontekstual?”
“Betul. Saya ingin hidung yang universal.”

LatihanL2L3L4L5L6L7L8

Now, do the following exercises to check your understanding of the short story. Use the word list or consult a dictionary for any unknown words.

Kelihatan

As we will see in the next lessons, the circumfix ke-…-an usually forms abstract nouns. However, there are a number of words that do not easily fit into any of the categories typically used for explaining the circumfix ke-…-an. One of these words is kelihatan.

It is best, if you learn this word by heart. It’s meaning is ‘visible; discernible; apparent; noticeable, apparently; looks like; seems like; evidently’.

Terus-terang, saya ingin kelihatan modern.
Frankly, I want to appear modern.

Dokter itu kelihatan bingung.
The doctor seemed to be confused.

Saya tidak mau kelihatan kampungan.
I don’t want to look like a hillbilly.

Kelihatannya dokter itu mengerti.
It seems the doctor now understood.

New Vocabulary for this Lesson

Daftar Kata (Word List)L9-Teka-Teki SilangL10-Cari kataL11-Cari kataFlashcards

AUDIO

Please note that all vocabulary items printed in bold may appear in an exam!
The book icon denotes words predominantly used in the written or formal register.
A smiling face 🙂 denotes words that are predominantly used in the informal register.

berhidung (•hidung)	to have a nose
budaya	culture, civilization
dijajah (•jajah)	to be colonised
gerakan (•gerak)	a move
Indo	Eurasian (person of mixed native Indonesian and European descent)
kampungan (•kampung)	country bumpkin; hillbilly
kritikus	a literary critic
kesan	an impression
kemajuan (•maju)	progress
mancung	pointed (of nose)
mencintai (•cinta)	to love someone
mewawancarai (•wawancara)	to conduct an interview with someone
nilai	1. the monetary value of something, 2. a value, a norm, norms
pésék	flat (of nose)
keputusan (•putus)	a decision
salah satu	one of
sebagian kecil	a small part
tari	a dance

Use the following flashcards to memorise the newly learned words.

[qdeck align=”center”][q]

berhidung

[a]

to have a nose

[q]

budaya

[a]

culture

[q]

dijajah

[a]

to be colonised

[q]

gerakan

[a]

a move

[q]

Indo

[a]

an Eurasian

[q]

kampungan

[a]

country bumpkin, hillbilly

[q]

kemajuan

[a]

progress

[q]

keputusan

[a]

a decision

[q]

kesan

[a]

an impression

[q]

kritikus

[a]

a literary critic

[q]

mancung

[a]

pointed (of nose)

[q]

mencintai

[a]

to love someone

[q]

mewawancarai

[a]

to conduct an interview with someone

[q]

nilai

[a]

the monetary value of something, a value, a norm, norms

[q]

pesek

[a]

flat (of nose)

[q]

sebagian kecil

[a]

a small part, a fraction

[q]

tari

[a]

a dance

[/qdeck]

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